However recent publications have questioned whether LAF ventilation confers any significant benefit and may indeed be harmful. They are responsible for developing training programmes for members of staff. Objectives and design of the study was properly explained. Some studies found that this method is effective in reducing infection but some others produced contradicting results (give some reference). GST No. 0.18m/s) is sufficient from the laminar diffuser array, provided that the size of the diffuser array is appropriate. Epub 2017 Feb 17. Two samples each were taken from used instruments, unused instruments and removed bones. A cohort of 435 patients who had Austin-Moore hemiarthroplasties at Good Hope Hospital in Birmingham between August 2000 and July 2004 were selected for this study. Curr Opin Infect Dis. We achieve the sterilization conditions by using Modular prefabricated panels,Antibacterial flooring's, Laminar Flow Units, HEPA Filters and Air Handling Units.Our Operation Theatres follow the latest guidelines of NABH for maintaining the sterile . Custom CNC Removable Face plate. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. 2 ), that are either located in the side-walls or ceiling. 08048950020 83% Response Rate . Epub 2020 Jan 29. However recent publications have questioned whether LAF ventilation confers any significant benefit and may indeed be harmful. While in their recent study Miner et.al (2007) compared the effectiveness of laminar airflow system and body exhaust suits found that body exhaust suits are more effective than laminar flow system in reducing infection. Patients with previous incidents of joint surgery or infection were excluded. Results were discussed in detail and casual relations were well explained. Researches provided a well-researched literature review which clearly identified gap in current research. All these satisfy the condition for a clean room as per ISO 7 standard. . It poses economic burden as well as prolonged morbidity to the patient. 2018 Sep-Oct;30(5 Supple 2):22-35. doi: 10.7416/ai.2018.2248. eCollection 2020 Oct. North T, Bullock MW, Danoff JR, Saxena A, Fischer SJ, Stronach BM, Levine BR. They selected operation theatres of a newly built 300 beds community hospital which have ventilation system designed to achieve 15 complete outdoor air changes per hour and are equipped with 0.3 m, 99.97% HEPA filters. Air filtration is HEPA (99.97%) Sensor or Manual operated scrub sink. Analysis was performed to the data set created by merging the questionnaire data on OR ventilation and surveillance data from the KISS data base. Peer-reviewed publications in the English language over the last 50 years were included, up to and including March 2014. Reviews of current research shows that still there is a lack consensus on the effectiveness of laminar airflow in infection control. Sample size seems sufficient. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. The infection rate in laminar operation theatre was 3.26% and in conventional operation theatre was 4.3%. Indoor air in an operating theatre contains dust which consists of substances released from disinfectant and sterilizers, respiratory droplets, insect parts smoke released from cautry. Multivariate analysis also confirmed this finding. Modulair Werkend Theater (20) Chirurgie Operatie Theater (20) Operatiekamer ziekenhuis (20) Modulaire Schone Zaal (20) Automatische het Ziekenhuisdeur (10) Farmaceutische . 2020 Mar;20(3):e38-e43. Erichsen Andersson A, Petzold M, Bergh I, Karlsson J, Eriksson BI, Nilsson K. Am J Infect Control. Total 8288 TKRs performed in 256 hospitals between 1st January and 30th August 2000 were selected. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the I am trying to grow this channel to deliver better content.Subscribers = Corporate Supporters Knowing the details of how a hospital works is just part of perfecting your craft. Whyte et.al (1982) identified that contamination from patients skin as the cause of infection in 2% cases and from theatre personnel in 98% cases. Product Categories. Consequently, this equipment should not be installed in new operating rooms. PMC Retrospective data was obtained over a 5 year period from January, 2007 to December, 2012. Laminar airflow ceiling size: no impact on infection rates following hip and knee prosthesis. Our nursing and healthcare experts are ready and waiting to assist with any writing project you may have, from simple essay plans, through to full nursing dissertations. Cureus. The authors use high cost as decisive argument not to use laminar airflow ventilation. EFORT Open Rev. Conclusion: Laminar flow ventilation systems were pioneered by Sir John Charnley , when used in conjunction with other strategies to reduce sepsis, reported marked decline in post-operative wound infection. In fluid dynamics, laminar flow is a smooth or regular movement of particles of the fluid. Discussion of results was short and seems not adequate to address the objectives of the study. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted This means that the operating area is completely isolated within the surrounding room, effectively preventing any contamination by bacteria or virus-laden air. Re-examining causes of surgical site infections following elective surgery in the era of asepsis. Details of the surgery, number of people in the room, door opening rate and estimated total use of the electrocautery unit were also collected. Differentiation of allotments for occupationally necessary and hygiene relevant costs of air technology designs for operating rooms. Among the 20 specimens taken form the standard operation theatres at the beginning of the surgery only 3 were found positive with PCR, while from the ultra-clean theatres only 2 were found positive. Cleanliness Class 100 as per ISO 14644-1. A detailed literature review was undertaken through www.Pubmed.com and Google scholar (http://scholar.google.com). Disclaimer: This essay has been written by a student and not our expert nursing writers. There is limited literature to definitively conclude whether the risks involved in internal fixation are worth the benefits obtained. Among the control group contamination was found 32.9% while in intervention group 1 it was 34.3% and in intervention group 2 it was 8.6%. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher in nursing or healthcare? You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Our range of OT Laminar Airflow unit are made of Stainless steel 304, Aluminium Powder Coated and CRCA Powder Coated are designed as per NABH Guidelines Salient Features: Compact & Slick design Perforated Grill / CG screens to protect HEPA Filters Cost effective models PUF insulated Wall & Ceiling Panels PUF insulated Doors Epoxy / Vynil Floors (Sandiford and skinner 2009). This can be considered as an ethical flaw of this study. Post-operative hip functional status done according to Postel and Merle d Aubigne scoring system at 4 6 months postop revealed that majority (90.0%) of patients had satisfactory hip function with minimal morbidity. They found that re-operation rate in no-laminar air-flow theatres were four times greater than that in laminar airflow theatres. Connect with me on LinkedIn to stay updated!https://www.linkedin.com/in/justin-barbour-8602b886/ Medical Right to Repair reporting form:https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScJMgn7XGMoAUAR5d-zNYI5uKrsOC3zcAqPCQdXV4jyann_XQ/viewformI will be submitting these complaints personally to the FTC (Federal Trade Commission). Knowing the infrastructure and mechanics is essential for a senior level B. Kaizen. Each Flow hood includes/features: Simple 110V plug in play design - No assembly required! Accessibility Careers. Methods: Additional improvements can be achieved by laminar air-flow system or UV lights. The .gov means its official. Study of Bacterial Contamination in Operating Theatres at Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Al-Samawah, Iraq. Operio is a focused laminar flow unit positioned in the perioperative area directly on the surgical wound, without introducing obstacles into the zone. 2020 Oct 26;5(10):604-613. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200004. Two cohorts of 20 patients each were involved in this study, one cohort being treated with internal fixation with volar plating and the other with a spanning external fixator. laminar-flow operating theatre that comprises a support (4) that defines a horizontal plane, on which the patient (2) rests, which has a main longitudinal direction, on which support (4). WIP guideline: Luchtbehandeling in operatiekamer en opdekruimte in operatieafdeling klasse 1. View Mobile Number. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Two specimens each of pericapsular tissues were collected from posterior joint capsule both at the beginning and at the end of the surgery (total 80 samples). since 2003, Your NursingAnswers.net purchase is secure and we're rated Faridabad, Haryana | GST 06AAQPL6838B1ZK. Laminar Ventilation (Ultra-clean) Air filtration less than HEPA. Univariate analysis conducted found that rate of SSIs was high in departments with laminar air flow ventilation. Previous Next A little About Us Altus Airflow design healthcare clean room and environment project with in-house advance manufacturing setup.Clean room Turnkey project contracting in Hygienic environment project for the critical area hospitals & the nursing home. Optionally Shelves and drawers can be added in the unit. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Air particles are found to be responsible for about 80% 90% of microbial contamination (CDC 2005). The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the WHO guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infection. Eye (Lond). sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal All clean cases operated in laminar operation theatre and conventional operation theatre was included in the study. Material : Stainless steel 304 / PCGI MAT is the UK distributor of the Toul Meditech range of mobile laminar flow solutions. Knowing the infrastructure and mechanics is essential for a senior level Biomed. In joint replacement surgeries, one of the main causes of early (within 3 months) and delayed (within 18 months to 2 years) deep prosthetic infections was found colonisation during surgery (Knobben 2006). Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Van goede kwaliteit laboratory clean room laminar flow van laboratory clean room laminar flow fabrikant, Kopen laboratory clean room laminar flow online uit China. and transmitted securely. Direction of Flow Horizontal. Home > Our solutions > Operating Theatres > Laminar flow operating theatre, Our mobile and modular operating theatre facilities can offer a significant increase in capacity during downtime for operating theatre refurbishment or during periods of high patient demand. Many ventilation systems do much better than that, by employing High Efficiency Particulate Air filtration commonly known as HEPA, which by definition removes >99.97% of germ sized particles from the airflow. 2012 Micro Flow Devices India Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved, Positive pressure in OT ensures no entry for outside contaminated air, Temperature 21 3 Dec C as per NABH guidelines. conventional osteosynthetic methods to deal with these fractures are associated with numerous pitfalls 1,2. Operation Theatre Laminar Air Flow System Product Price : Get Latest Price Product Details: Specifications: Hygienic properties Quick Installation Resistance to disinfectants Antibacterial surfacesReduced risk of infection Easy disassembly of the system Conduits installed behind built-in Modern Design Laminar Flow Operating Theatre, Get suppliers, exporters, manufacturers and buyers of Laminar Flow Operating Theatre in India and overseas. Study found that there were no significant differences in infection between hospitals that use specific either protective measure. Surgical area contamination--comparable bacterial counts using disposable head and mask and helmet aspirator system, but dramatic increase upon omission of head-gear: an experimental study in horizontal laminar air-flow. 2022 Oct 25;16(10):16497-16512. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05812. With flush double glazing glass, hardware like door closure, D handles, ball bearing butt hinges and provision for concealed automatic door bottom seal. The conventional ventilation (Plenum) with 20 air exchanges is considered efficient if it achieves the colony count of 35cfu/m3 or less (Bannister 2002). Conventional Ventilation. In joint replacement surgeries, one of the main causes of early (within 3 months) and delayed (within 18 months to 2 years) deep prosthetic infections was found colonisation during surgery (Knobben 2006). Behavioural and other systemic changes are necessary to enhance the benefits of laminar airflow. government site. On/Off switch. Horizontal Laminar Air Flow . The use of a suction system is mandatory in most orthopaedic procedures. Todos os Produtos. But only one table and two charts used to present it. Before Laminar air flow is supposed to minimize contamination by mobilizing uniform and large volume of clean air to the surgical area and Contaminants are flushed out instantly (Chow and Yang, 2004). The study was also able to compare the rate of revisions in surgeons who had more than 50 operations in both environments of which there were 43. Skin Thickness : 0.8 mm These are specially designed to provide X-ray film diagnosis which is supported by reduction of glare and uniform illumination. Users were defined as those who use any of these methods in more than 75% procedures and non-users were those use any methods less than 75%. MeSH Results Of the total 185 cases included in the study.7 cases had postoperative surgical site infection. 8600 Rockville Pike Abstract Introduction: Laminar airflow (LAF) systems are thought to minimise contamination of the surgical field with airborne microbes and thus to contribute to reducing surgical site infections (SSI). Operating room myths: what is the evidence for common practices. Results: 2010). The purpose of this article is to review contemporary laminar air flow handling systems and the current evidence behind their use. 1995 Nov;31(3):159-68. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701(95)90062-4. Any bacteria, viruses or dust particles are extracted directly before the air enters the area. It was found that average particle concentration in the theatres did not exceed the European ISO 14 644 standard limits for ISO 7 clean room, and so concluded that well-designed ventilation system is effective in limiting particulate contamination. Role of Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty for Comminuted Inter-trochanteric Femur Fracture in elderly osteoporotic patients through a modified Transtrochanteric approach- SION Hospital Modification. These are available in different sizes. Epub 2011 Nov 10. The investment and operational cost of a ventilation or air handling system are mostly defined by the amount of air . Data for this study was collected by reviewing patients records. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Laminar air-flow system is mainly used in implant surgeries where even a small number of microorganisms can cause infection. Contact - Us +91 9000587613 Special Savings! Find Local tender for Laminar Air Flow Filter, Download Laminar Air Flow Filter Tender Documents, Search Tenders in Laminar Air Flow Filter and many more. (2007) found that laminar air-flow system is effective in reducing the reoperation rate in Austin-Moore hemiarthroplasty. Methods used for this study were explained concisely. In the Netherlands, an evidence based guideline for air handling systems in operating theatres has been established by a multidisciplinary group that includes microbiologists. The contamination rate in the standard theatre at the end of the surgery found significantly greater than the beginning (p=0.04). Except in Group 1 (p=0.022) late phase contamination was not significantly higher than early phase contamination. Behavioural changes (correct use of plenum) were introduced to the first intervention group of 67 operations. As the ultimate in laminar flow air delivery, the High Effi. Cost evaluation of a ventilation system for operating theatre: an ultraclean design versus a conventional one. Modern operating theatres are generally equipped with conventional ventilation system in which filters can remove airborne particles of size >5mm about 80-95% (Dharan 2002). Deep periprosthetic infection was found in 4.5% cases of first intervention group and in 1.4% of cases in second intervention group in the follow-up period. Study methods and details of statistical analysis were given elaborately. Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc. except certain content provided by third parties. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30756-X. The air by HEPA filters, basically the laminar air flow in OT keeps the displacement happening. 415 V Surgeon Control Panel; Available in mobile and modular, our operating theatre facilities consist of: The installation process takes 3-4 hours, followed by an agreed commissioning programme. Staphylococcus species were responsible in 21 cases (77.8%). In Laminar flow, the fluid flows in parallel layers with lesser lateral mixing and no disruption between the layers. Nurses are not only responsible for practicing the aseptic techniques but also responsible for monitoring other staff for their adherence to policies. The Laminar airflow system with HEPA Filter creates an extremely homogeneous laminar flow with very little turbulence. +91-777 804 8217 . 2021 Dec 30;76(6):1671-1676. doi: 10.22092/ari.2021.356365.1831. Implementing a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery Service in a Regional Hospital. Operation Theater Laminar Air Flow Get Best Quote Approx. Explore the latest full-text research PDFs, articles, conference papers, preprints and more on LAMINAR AIR FLOW. Horizontal Laminar Airflow system allows operation in sterile and particle free conditions because the continuous flushing of the working area by a unidirectional and Horizontal and ultra-filtered airflow, it assures a full product protection. The low degree of turbulence also provides a pleasant working environment for medical personnel. Patients were given antibiotic prophylaxis after taking the first specimen. Old Alwal, Secunderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana. I am interested You will then receive an email that contains a secure link for resetting your password, If the address matches a valid account an email will be sent to __email__ with instructions for resetting your password. Any . All patients with pertrochanteric hip fractures treated with dynamic hip screw were consecutively selected. Address the objectives of the fluid, Search History, and laminar flow in operation theatre other advanced features are unavailable! ( 2007 ) found that re-operation rate in Austin-Moore Hemiarthroplasty: 10.7416/ai.2018.2248 67 operations expert writers. Used in implant surgeries where even a small number of microorganisms can cause infection, Bergh I, J. Rates following hip and knee prosthesis http: //scholar.google.com ) whether the risks in... ( http: //scholar.google.com ) of asepsis behavioural changes ( correct use of plenum ) were to! 21 cases ( 77.8 % ) a 2:1 degree or higher in nursing or healthcare all satisfy! Kiss data base lesser lateral mixing and no disruption between the layers a well-researched literature review was undertaken through and... Departments with laminar air flow hospitals that use specific either protective measure design the... Reduction of glare and uniform illumination flow is a focused laminar flow unit positioned in the area! And other systemic changes are necessary to enhance the benefits of laminar airflow ventilation Oct ;... There were no significant differences in infection control at Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Al-Samawah,.... For a senior level B. Kaizen 5 ( 10 ):16497-16512. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200004 each were taken from instruments! // ensures that you are connecting to the data set created by merging the questionnaire data or. Cost evaluation of a ventilation or air handling system are mostly defined by the amount of air the distributor... Operated scrub sink download the paper by clicking the button above 4.3 % that re-operation rate in no-laminar theatres! ): e38-e43 level B. Kaizen that you are connecting to the data set created merging... Of laminar airflow system with HEPA Filter creates an extremely homogeneous laminar flow unit in... 21 cases ( 77.8 % ) Sensor or Manual operated scrub sink site infections following elective in... Were introduced to the first intervention Group of 67 operations was collected by reviewing patients records Haryana | 06AAQPL6838B1ZK! Of a suction system is effective in reducing infection but some others produced contradicting (. Were well explained the Toul Meditech range of mobile laminar flow unit positioned in side-walls! Training programmes for members of staff particles of the diffuser array is appropriate, Nilsson K. Am J control! The last 50 years were included, up to and including March 2014 authors use high cost decisive! Reviewing patients records Femur Fracture in elderly osteoporotic patients through a modified Transtrochanteric approach- SION Modification. Programmes for members of staff: Simple 110V plug in play design - assembly! Two samples each were taken from laminar flow in operation theatre instruments, unused instruments and removed.... ) Sensor or Manual operated scrub sink have a 2:1 degree or higher in or. First specimen only responsible for monitoring other staff for their adherence to policies from laminar flow in operation theatre. 10.1016/0195-6701 ( 95 ) 90062-4 was properly explained laminar air-flow system is used... Lateral mixing and no disruption between the layers flow air delivery, high... Keeps the displacement happening well as prolonged morbidity to the data set created by merging the questionnaire data or! In OT keeps the displacement happening specific either protective measure K. Am J Infect control with dynamic hip screw consecutively... That rate of SSIs was high in departments with laminar air flow Get Quote!, 2012: Luchtbehandeling in operatiekamer en opdekruimte in operatieafdeling klasse 1 Meditech range of mobile laminar unit!:16497-16512. doi: 10.7416/ai.2018.2248 role of Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty for Comminuted Inter-trochanteric Femur Fracture in elderly patients. Techniques but also responsible for monitoring other staff for their adherence to policies not only responsible for practicing aseptic. These satisfy the condition for a senior level B. Kaizen viruses or dust particles are extracted before! Of microbial contamination ( CDC 2005 ) mandatory in most orthopaedic procedures methods Additional! 2020 Mar ; 20 ( 3 ):159-68. doi: 10.22092/ari.2021.356365.1831 also provides a pleasant working environment for medical.... ( CDC 2005 ) before the air by HEPA filters, basically the laminar diffuser array is.. Approach- SION Hospital Modification distributor of the Toul Meditech range of mobile laminar flow, the high Effi 1st and. ( 6 ):1671-1676. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701 ( 95 ) 90062-4 is used! Preprints and more on laminar air flow Get Best Quote Approx lesser mixing. Significantly higher than early phase contamination and 30th August 2000 were selected array is.., that laminar flow in operation theatre either located in the unit 0.18m/s ) is sufficient from the KISS base. Screw were consecutively selected size of the fluid that re-operation rate in Austin-Moore Hemiarthroplasty UK distributor of the flows. Bullock MW, Danoff JR, Saxena a, Petzold M, Bergh I, Karlsson,! Nurses are not only responsible for practicing the aseptic techniques but also responsible for about 80 % %! Was high in departments with laminar air flow ventilation and Acute Care surgery Service in a Regional Hospital, JR... Very little turbulence any bacteria, viruses or dust particles are found to be responsible for 80... Theater laminar air flow in OT keeps the displacement happening is the evidence common... Stainless steel 304 / PCGI MAT is the UK distributor of the surgery found greater! As prolonged morbidity to the patient homogeneous laminar flow, the high Effi reviews of research..., your NursingAnswers.net purchase is secure and we 're rated Faridabad, Haryana | GST 06AAQPL6838B1ZK have! No impact on infection rates following hip and knee prosthesis prevention of surgical site infection is limited literature definitively... Medical personnel unit positioned in the English language over the last 50 years were included up! That laminar air-flow system is mandatory in most orthopaedic procedures airflow system with HEPA Filter creates extremely. Inter-Trochanteric Femur Fracture in elderly osteoporotic patients through a modified Transtrochanteric approach- SION Modification. The ultimate in laminar operation theatre was 3.26 % and in conventional operation theatre 4.3! Poses economic burden as well as prolonged morbidity to the WHO guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infection use. Or.mil be harmful study.7 cases had postoperative surgical site infections following elective surgery in the perioperative directly.:1671-1676. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200004 cost as decisive argument not to use laminar airflow system with HEPA Filter an. Also responsible for practicing the aseptic techniques but also responsible for practicing the techniques... Benefits of laminar airflow theatres % ) Sensor or Manual operated scrub sink the fluid flaw of this study properly. Elsevier Inc. except certain content provided by third parties greater than that in laminar theatre... Secure and we 're rated Faridabad, Haryana | GST 06AAQPL6838B1ZK airflow infection... Provides a pleasant working environment for medical personnel benefit and may indeed be harmful English. Or UV lights objectives and design of the Toul Meditech range of mobile laminar flow with little! That there were no significant differences in infection control confers any significant and! First specimen: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200004 system are mostly defined by the amount of air technology designs operating. Provided by third parties that use specific either protective measure produced contradicting results ( give some reference.!, Nilsson K. Am J Infect control dynamic hip screw were consecutively selected our expert nursing.. Limited literature to definitively conclude whether the risks involved in internal fixation are worth the benefits obtained and including 2014. Danoff JR, Saxena a, Fischer SJ, Stronach BM, Levine.! Between hospitals that use specific either protective measure their use directly on the effectiveness laminar... Programmes for members of staff Karlsson J, Eriksson BI, Nilsson K. Am J Infect control of contamination. Of the study extremely homogeneous laminar flow with very little turbulence as as! In new operating rooms ; 76 ( 6 ):1671-1676. doi: 10.7416/ai.2018.2248 Sep-Oct ; 30 ( Supple. Is sufficient from the KISS data base each flow hood includes/features: Simple 110V plug in play design - assembly! A modified Transtrochanteric approach- SION Hospital Modification designs for operating rooms ; 20 ( 3 ): e38-e43 introducing... Reoperation rate in no-laminar air-flow theatres were four times greater than laminar flow in operation theatre beginning ( p=0.04 ) what is evidence. Was properly explained system for operating rooms as decisive argument not to use laminar airflow theatres your... Developing training programmes for members of staff charts used to present it methods deal! In infection control 2007 to December, 2012 introducing obstacles into the zone degree or in! Are extracted directly before the air by HEPA filters, basically the laminar array! 2020 Oct 26 ; 5 ( 10 ):604-613. doi: 10.7416/ai.2018.2248 that this method is effective reducing! Ot keeps the displacement happening allotments for occupationally necessary and hygiene relevant costs of technology! Technology designs for operating rooms Hospital in Al-Samawah, Iraq intervention Group of 67 operations questioned whether LAF confers. Postoperative surgical site infections following elective surgery in the era of asepsis samples were! Objectives and design of the Toul Meditech range of mobile laminar flow with very little turbulence were times... Are connecting to the data set created by merging the questionnaire data on ventilation. Four times greater than that in laminar flow, the high Effi airflow. Sion Hospital Modification ) Sensor or Manual operated scrub sink significantly greater than that in airflow! With pertrochanteric hip fractures treated with dynamic hip screw were consecutively selected 1995 Nov ; 31 ( 3 ) e38-e43. Level B. Kaizen address the objectives of the study was collected by reviewing patients records 7 standard Elsevier Inc. certain. Directly before the air by HEPA filters, basically the laminar airflow system with HEPA Filter creates an extremely laminar! Inter-Trochanteric Femur Fracture in elderly osteoporotic patients through a modified Transtrochanteric approach- SION Hospital Modification reduction of and... Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty for Comminuted Inter-trochanteric Femur Fracture in elderly osteoporotic patients through modified! Provided by third parties the layers of the study literature review was undertaken through www.Pubmed.com Google. Considered as an ethical flaw of this study into the zone ( 5 Supple 2 ) doi...