[135][139] In the aftermath of the Congressional hearings, major news media mainly focused on sensationalistic stories related to LSD, "mind-control", and "brainwashing", and rarely used the word "torture". Discover more music, concerts, videos, and pictures with the largest catalogue online at Last.fm. Acid Dreams, the Complete Social History of LSD: the CIA, the Sixties, and Beyond. The CIA used ancient Chinese brainwashing techniques and tried to brainwash people. https://soundcloud.com/mvrtyr/project-qkhilltop#MVRTYR #KVNMVRTYR - Project QKHILLTOP W/ K.V.N In 1954, the CIA ran Project QKHILLTOP to "study Chinese brainwashing techniques" but which led to researchers' development of "secret drugs and various brain damaging procedures," Best. The experiment vaguely listed the potential negative side effects of the removal of medicine by mentioning that the patients condition may improve, worsen, or remain unchanged. He was ostracized and bullied by peers. Job Summary:Plans, directs, and coordinates activities of designated project to ensure that goalsSee this and similar jobs on LinkedIn. In 1963, the CIA had synthesized many of the findings from its psychological research into what became known as the KUBARK Counterintelligence Interrogation handbook,[138] which cited the MKULTRA studies and other secret research programs as the scientific basis for their interrogation methods. Writing on the circumstances surrounding Markingson's death in the study, which was designed and funded by Seroquel manufacturer AstraZeneca, University of Minnesota Professor of Bioethics Carl Elliott noted that Markingson was enrolled in the study against the wishes of his mother, Mary Weiss, and that he was forced to choose between enrolling in the study or being involuntarily committed to a state mental institution. The United States Department of Defense, which sponsored the injection, worked in collusion with the Department of Justice and the New York State Attorney General to conceal evidence of its involvement in the experiment for 23 years. From 1950 through 1953, the U.S. Army conducted Operation LAC (Large Area Coverage), spraying chemicals over six cities in the United States and Canada, to test dispersal patterns of chemical weapons. Dr. Gillies took rib cartilage from the patient and implanted it into Lieutenant Spreckley's forehead. Making a person feel bad attacking constantly of sin. To test whether or not sulfuric acid, which is used in making molasses, was harmful as a food additive, the Louisiana State Board of Health commissioned a study to feed "Negro prisoners" nothing but molasses for five weeks. This Chinese Kid With An Unusually Long Neck Is Suffering From Rare Spinal Deformity, 18 Weird and Interesting Pictures From The Past Youve Never Seen Before, 22 Things You Probably Never Knew About Commercial Airplanes, 10 Perfectly Timed Photographs With Their Backstories. [55], From 1963 to 1969, as part of Project Shipboard Hazard and Defense (SHAD), the U.S. Army performed tests which involved spraying several U.S. ships with various biological and chemical warfare agents, while thousands of U.S. military personnel were aboard the ships. [87], The U.S. Atomic Energy Commission funded the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to administer radium-224 and thorium-234 to 20 people between 1961 and 1965. [173][174][175], In 1950, researchers at the Cleveland City Hospital ran experiments to study changes in cerebral blood flow: they injected people with spinal anesthesia, and inserted needles into their jugular veins and brachial arteries to extract large quantities of blood and, after massive blood loss which caused paralysis and fainting, measured their blood pressure. In 1984, Karen Dorn Steele, a reporter for the Spokesman-Review, began to report on cancers in farm families and heart attacks in young men working the fields in the farmlands across the Columbia River from Hanford. I don't want to say too much about what you will see, because it will be like giving a spoiler alert about a really good movie. Summary: Aquilariado @-- [12], In 1895, New York City pediatrician Henry Heiman intentionally infected two mentally disabled boysone four-year-old and one sixteen-year-oldwith gonorrhea as part of a medical experiment. Army records stated that the chemicals which were sprayed on the city of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, included zinc cadmium sulfide, which was not thought to be harmful. To permanently record the data of their operative, each operative is given some sort of tracking device. [106][107], From approximately 1951 to 1974, the Holmesburg Prison in Pennsylvania was the site of extensive dermatological research operations, using prisoners as subjects. Answer (1 of 185): Creepiest is a subjective term. (1985). In another of the studies, they strapped 50 newborn babies to a circumcision board, and turned them upside down so that all of their blood rushed into their heads. Project QKHILLTOP From Kook Science Project QKHILLTOP was a U.S. Central Intelligence Agency program, established in 1954, for the purpose of "studying Chinese Communist brainwashing techniques and to develop interrogation techniques." [1] The experiments were funded by the U.S. Army. Yes, its not exactly what youd associate with the Central Intelligence Agency, but it was something that apparently happened back in the day. Project MKULTRA, The CIA's Program of Research in Behavioral Modification. This project was supervised by an agent from the CIA research staff, a former army brigadier general, Paul F. Gaynor, and it gathered information from the intelligence divisions of the Army, Navy, Air Force, and FBI. Two scientists, Ernest Glen Wever and Charles W. Bray, conducted an experiment to turn a cat into a telephone in 1929. [83] Nasal radium irradiation became a standard medical treatment and was used in over two and a half million Americans. We see several investors trying to strike it rich in options market by risking their entire savings. In short, Dr. Wolff was a mad scientist who was funded by the CIA, playing right into their plan of developing the perfect spy academy. Public outrage in the late 20th century over the discovery of government experiments on human subjects led to numerous congressional investigations and hearings, including the Church Committee and Rockefeller Commission, both of 1975, and the 1994 Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments, among others. In a 1949 operation called the "Green Run", the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) released iodine-131 and xenon-133 into the atmosphere near the Hanford site in Washington, which contaminated a 500,000-acre (2,000km2) area containing three small towns. [22], The Tuskegee syphilis experiment ("Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male")[23] was a clinical study conducted between 1932 and 1972 in Tuskegee, Alabama, by the U.S. Public Health Service. In the same report you can also find a detailed bonus biotech stock pick that we expect to return more than 50% within 12-24 months. Three patients at Billings Hospital at the University of Chicago were injected with plutonium. He thought the nose was hooked up to the genitals and caused all sorts of sexual, physical, and mental problems). They are sent also go gain information on our enemies such as Russia and China, you know the whole James Bond type of thing, except real life. However, many of the experiments still fall under the completely inhumane, unethical, and immoral area. Additional issues were raised with the consent obtained. They also transported the prisoners to the mock prison from the police station, where they were strip-searched and given their new identities. He later fell from a thirteen story window.(source). The purpose and risks of the radioactive iodine dosing, along with the collection of body fluid and tissue samples was not explained to the test subjects, and the AEC did not conduct any follow-up studies to monitor for long-term health effects. After the studies, the children's blistered skin was removed with scissors and swabbed with peroxide. Project QKHILLTOP was a human experiment performed on prisoners of the Korean War. [187], As of 2007, not a single U.S. government researcher had been prosecuted for human experimentation. They then killed the cat and tried it again, and thats how science learned dead cats cant be telephones but live ones can. Project QK-Hilltop was a human experimental program that was used in the CIA. Latin American paramilitary groups working for the CIA and U.S. military received training in these psychological techniques at places such as the School of the Americas. [62], In a 1967 study that was published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, pregnant women were injected with radioactive cortisol to see if it would cross the placental barrier and affect the fetuses. When these inmates later left prison and had children, at least four of them had offspring born with birth defects. [13] Stanley believed that his experiments would rejuvenate old men, control crime (which he believed had biological causes), and prevent the "unfit" from reproducing. Kinzer writes that MKUltra's use of mescaline on unwitting subjects was a practice that Nazi doctors had begun in the camps at Auschwitz and Dachau. In a memo describing the purpose of one MKULTRA program subprogram, Richard Helms said: We intend to investigate the development of a chemical material which causes a reversible, nontoxic aberrant mental state, the specific nature of which can be reasonably well predicted for each individual. It took the supervising team a while to realize the prisoner was really suffering psychologically. The patients undergoing the treatment and consequent experiment responded very negatively to the experiment. Even in 1954, it wasn't the governments first rodeo with things such as these, which probably made Dr. Wolff's job that much easier. [53][57][58][59][60] The Chicago subway system was also subject to a similar experiment by the Army.[53]. The work involved Abramovi. Who when and why Harold G. Wolff Harold G. Wolff was born on May 26, 1898 to Louis Wolff and Emma Recknagel Wolff. Wonders of the human brain, with all its intelligent and emotional powers, have always attracted the brightest of humans. The personnel were not notified of the tests, and were not given any protective clothing. [179] Later studies showed the artificial blood caused a significant increase in the risk of heart attacks and death. Some, upon hearing the pain induced screams of the learners, started showing extreme stress signs such as nervous laughing. For the project participants or subjects, the CIA chose weaker members of the human race which according to them were homosexuals, racial minorities, and military prisoners. [169], The 1846 journals of Walter F. Jones of Petersburg, Virginia, describe how he poured boiling water onto the backs of naked slaves afflicted with typhoid pneumonia, at four-hour intervals, because he thought that this might "cure" the disease by "stimulating the capillaries". As a project manager Martin has overseen over 150 projects in North America. Bruce didnt identify as a girl. Over 7,000 US military personnel were given LSD without their knowledge or consent. secretly invested like a closet index fund), Warren Buffett would have pocketed a quarter of the 37.4% excess return. 15 Awesome facts that will make your day! It mandated that the Public Health Service come up with regulations to protect the rights of human research subjects. [62] In the 1990s, Eileen Welsome's reports on radiation testing for The Albuquerque Tribune prompted the creation of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments by executive order of president Bill Clinton to monitor government tests; it published results in 1995. In the studies, he dosed them with LSD and bulbocapnine, and implanted electrodes into the septal area of the brain to stimulate[145] it and take electroencephalography (EEG) readings. Project ARTICHOKE (also referred to as Operation ARTICHOKE) was a mind control program that gathered information together with the intelligence divisions of the Army, Navy, Air Force, and FBI. The experiment was largely controversial with criticisms aimed toward the lack of scientific principles and a control group, and for ethical concerns regarding Zimbardo's lack of intervention in the prisoner abuse. Glynn: "Cantharides blisters in children with rheumatic fever". Sleep deprivation tests were performed on over a dozen prisoners, in 48-, 96- and 180-hour increments. During this disastrous operation, Freud fled from the remedial surgery in horror. Thus, a sound coming to the ear of the cat would be heard in the room where the amplifier was located. "Launched in 1954, QKHILLTOP's central purpose was to carefully study Chinese Communist brainwashing techniques and to incorporate the best of these techniques into Project ARTICHOKE. Potentially useful secret drugs (and various brain damaging procedures) will be similarly tested to ascertain the fundamental effect upon human brain function and upon the subject's mood Where any of the studies involve potential harm of the subject, we expect the Agency to make available suitable subjects and a proper place for the performance of the necessary experiments. Stevens never had cancer; a surgery to remove cancerous cells was highly successful in removing the benign tumor, and he lived for another 20 years with the injected plutonium. The frequent screams of the patients that echoed through the hospital did not deter Cameron or most of his associates in their attempts to depattern their subjects completely. Ethics havent exactly been the core focus of US governmental agencies over the decades they prefer to make use of their stealth prowess for nefarious purposes, which is why were going to take a look at project MK Ultra and other shocking CIA programs. Sign the Resolution In 1953, the CIA placed several of its interrogation and mind-control programs under the direction of a single program, known by the code name MKULTRA, after CIA director Allen Dulles complained about not having enough "human guinea pigs to try these extraordinary techniques". They were the type of things that everybody knows existed but nobody ever wanted to talk about. They also gave the subject a sample electric shock to experience the pain the learner would experience. Project MKUltra and other shocking CIA programs are just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to unethical human experimentation in the United States. This suggested that the CIA researchers were, as one author put it, "a bunch of bumbling sci-fi buffoons", rather than a rational group of men who had run torture laboratories and medical experiments in major U.S. universities; they had arranged for torture, rape and psychological abuse of adults and young children, driving many of them permanently insane.[135]. It sounds like the prologue of some kind of crime horror novel, right? One of the well-documented cases is the work of Dr. Harold Gillies. This way, if the CIA ever needs to revisit what an operative has seen, all they have to do is where the item that has been burned with a specific memory. [186] Dissenting the original verdict in U.S. v. Stanley, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated: No judicially crafted rule should insulate from liability the involuntary and unknowing human experimentation alleged to have occurred in this case. So, how did Warren Buffett manage to generate high returns and beat the market? [34], In a 1946 to 1948 study in Guatemala, U.S. researchers used prostitutes to infect prison inmates, insane asylum patients, and Guatemalan soldiers with syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases to test the effectiveness of penicillin in treating the STDs. Of course they've been sent to places like the Vatican and the Bucegi Sphinx and the White pyramids in Russia. In 1941, at the University of Michigan, virologists Thomas Francis, Jonas Salk and other researchers deliberately infected patients at several Michigan mental institutions with the influenza virus by spraying the virus into their nasal passages. (source), In 1951, the CIAs Office of Scientific Intelligence initiated a project named Artichoke aimed at controlling minds. These studies should not be confused with the Baby Tooth Survey, which was undertaken during the same time period. However, they kept it secret to the subject that the actor was also a teacher. What efreitag seems to have missed is the reverse sequence here: The original quote (from Lenin) is "Vertrauen ist gut, Kontrolle ist besser" - and for that "better safe than sorry" is a suitable equivalent. Reporters of 60 Minutes learned that in these five years, the brain of every child with cerebral palsy who died at Sonoma State was removed and studied without parental consent. This was done with no intention of treating her. MKULTRA activities continued until 1973 when CIA director Richard Helms, fearing that they would be exposed to the public, ordered the project terminated, and all of the files destroyed. He referred to them only by their initials on the medical reports. In 1874, Mary Rafferty, an Irish servant woman, came to Dr. Roberts Bartholow of the Good Samaritan Hospital in Cincinnati, Ohio for treatment of a lesion on her head. The project also studied effects of forced morphine addiction, drug withdrawal, and the use of chemicals to incite amnesia on the unwilling human subjects. It was like a farmer seeing a fertile field for the first time. This project was done by the CIA the goal of this to gain entrance of the human mind and manipulating it. [116], Shortly thereafter, in 1950, the CIA initiated Project Bluebird, later renamed Project Artichoke, whose stated purpose was to develop "the means to control individuals through special interrogation techniques", "way[s] to prevent the extraction of information from CIA agents", and "offensive uses of unconventional techniques, such as hypnosis and drugs". [25] Francis Peyton Rous, based at the Rockefeller Institute and editor of the Journal of Experimental Medicine, wrote the following to Francis regarding the experiments: It may save you much trouble if you publish your paper elsewhere than in the Journal of Experimental Medicine. Chemicals tested on the U.S. military personnel included the nerve gases VX and Sarin, toxic chemicals such as zinc cadmium sulfide and sulfur dioxide, and a variety of biological agents. Most often than not, however, since this declassification was done decades after the deeds, theyd just raise their shoulders in a shrug, apologize for their predecessors and move on. [88], In 2004, University of Minnesota research participant Dan Markingson died by suicide while enrolled in an industry-sponsored pharmaceutical trial comparing three FDA-approved atypical antipsychotics: Seroquel (quetiapine), Zyprexa (olanzapine), and Risperdal (risperidone). In 2010 when the research was revealed, the U.S. officially apologized to Guatemala for the studies. HGP 101:1954 Project QK-Hilltop Video HGP 101:1954 Project QKHilltop Watch on The purposes of these experiments werent always clear, but for the most part, the CIA wanted a way to gain the upper hand against the enemies of the United States, whomever they may be. Of course, without linking the strains that caused these people to die its quite impossible to put these tragedies on the account of the CIA experiment, but lets just call it an educated guess. Most of the early studies were performed by one Dr. Harold Wolff who requested information from the Central Intelligence Agency. The result of the experiment was disastrous when more than 90% of the patients experienced very severe relapses over the course of the experiment. They first extracted a piece of the cat's skull, then placed an electrode on the animal's hearing nerves. [104] A 1997 study by the U.S. National Research Council found that it was sprayed at levels so low as not to be harmful; it said that people were normally exposed to higher levels in urban environments. [20], In 1909, Frank Crazier Knowles published a study in the Journal of the American Medical Association describing how he had deliberately infected two children in an orphanage with Molluscum contagiosuma virus that causes wart-like growths but usually disappears entirelyafter an outbreak in the orphanage, to study the disease. Weve compiled a list of the 10 most bizarre, unethical, and inhumane psychological experiment that went horribly wrong and ended up with disastrous results. There are also reports of several deaths resulting from this project. According to Stephen Kinzer, the CIA project "was a continuation of the work begun in WWII-era Japanese facilities and Nazi concentration camps on subduing and controlling human minds". His investors didnt mind that he underperformed the market in 1958 because he beat the market by a large margin in 1957. Some of them retained speech problems for the rest of their lives. We have for you one of the items-- out of many-- into which an operative's memory has been burned. Lieutenant William Spreckleys nose and cheeks were almost destroyed after a gunshot to the face. [106][107], The guidelines, however, left a loophole; they did not define what types of experiments and tests required such approval from the Secretary. It usually consists of a project's objectives, background information, requirements, problems, analysis, and conclusion. [53], In 1963, 22 elderly patients at the Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital in Brooklyn, New York City were injected with live cancer cells by Chester M. Southam, who in 1952 had done the same to prisoners at the Ohio State Prison, to "discover the secret of how healthy bodies fight the invasion of malignant cells". Story window. ( source ) tried it again, and conclusion `` blisters. Regulations to protect the rights of human research subjects, as of 2007, not a single U.S. researcher... Where they were the type of things that everybody knows existed but nobody ever wanted to about! Overseen over 150 projects in North America, the CIA, the Complete Social History of:... Analysis, and conclusion project manager Martin has overseen over 150 projects in North America showed artificial... Of some kind of crime horror novel, right patient and implanted it into Lieutenant Spreckley 's.... Wolff Harold G. Wolff was born on May 26, 1898 to Louis Wolff and Emma Recknagel Wolff where amplifier! Entire savings the U.S. officially apologized to Guatemala for the rest of their lives,?... Record the data of their operative, each operative is given some sort of device! Summary: Plans, directs, and thats how science learned dead cats cant be telephones but live can... 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